TR101 analysis can be added to an input stream for the monitoring of the TS while in operation. The analysis can be used to check the integrity of the TS, as well as perform content analysis to identify frozen video, blank picture, silent audio, low video quality and audio clipping. The TR101 analysis covers priority 1 and 2 messages.

To enable the TR101 analysis follow the instructions in the ZEC Adding TR101 Analysis to the Input Stream section. After enabling the analysis, the stream will include the P1 (high priority error) and P2 (low priority error) status, indicating is there are P1 or P2 messages.

To open the analysis window, click the stethoscope () icon.

The TR101 Analysis window includes the following elements:

Stream Information Statistics Panel

The stream information statistics panel displays the following accumulative statistics about the stream:

Parameter	Description
*Status*
TR101 performance drops	The number of packets dropped from the analyzer due to low performance. This indicates how many video frames were not able to be analyzed due to the CPU being overloaded.
CQA performance drops	Measures content quality. Displays the number of content quality performance drops over time. This indicates how many video frames were not able to be analyzed due to the CPU being overloaded.
Error	Displays the number of errors.
*PAT*	The Program Association Table (PAT), which only appears in PID 0x0000 packets, tells the decoder what programs are in the TS and points to the Program Map Tables (PMT) which in turn point to the component video, audio and data streams that make up the program. If the PAT is missing then the decoder can do nothing, no program is decodable.
Min bitrate	The minimum bitrate of the PAT packets
Max bitrate	The maximum bitrate of the PAT packets
Avg bitrate	The average bitrate of the PAT packets
CC errors	Indicates if continuity count errors were found. For this indicator three checks are combined. The preconditions "Incorrect packet order" and "Lost packet" could cause problems for IRD which are not equipped with additional buffer storage and intelligence. It is not necessary for the test equipment to distinguish between these two preconditions as they are logically OR-ed, together with the third precondition, into one indicator.
Scrambled	Indicates if the packet is encrypted.
Packets	The number of packets which are related to the PAT (with the same PID – 0)
*NULL*	Null (stuffing) packets. In order to ensure that the stream maintains a constant bitrate, a multiplexer may need to insert some additional packets. The PID 0x1FFF is reserved for this purpose. The payload of null packets is all zeroes, and the egress component is expected to ignore its contents. Null packets are indicated by PID 8191 (all 1s).
Min bitrate	The minimum bitrate of the NULL packets
Max bitrate	The maximum bitrate of the NULL packets
Avg bitrate	The average bitrate of the NULL packets
Packets	The number of packets which are related to NULL (with the same PID 8191)
*Programs*	The Transport Stream can include one program (SPTS) or multiple programs (MPTS). Every program is described by a program map table (PMT). The elementary streams associated with that program have PIDs listed in the PMT. Another PID is associated with the PMT itself.
Provider	Extracted from the MPEG-TS SDT table (if exist in stream)
PMT PID	Indicates the PID number of the program map table PMT.
Min bitrate	The minimum bitrate of the packet which is related to the PMT PID.
Max bitrate	The maximum bitrate of the packet which is related to the PMT PID.
Avg bitrate	The average bitrate of the packet which is related to the PMT PID.
CC errors	Indicates if continuity count errors were found in the packets that are related to the PMT PID. For this indicator three checks are combined. The preconditions "Incorrect packet order" and "Lost packet" could cause problems for IRD which are not equipped with additional buffer storage and intelligence. It is not necessary for the test equipment to distinguish between these two preconditions as they are logically OR-ed, together with the third precondition, into one indicator.
Packets	The number of packets which are related to the PMT PID.
PCR PID	Indicated the PID value that includes the program clock reference (PCR). The PCR is used to enable a decoder to present synchronized content, such as audio tracks matching the associated video.
PCR	Indicates the program clock reference (PCR) value.
Accuracy	Indicates the difference between the actual PCR value and the value it should have in the TS represented by the byte index for its actual position. For example, if the calculated PCR (derived from adding the value to the previous packet) is the same as the actual PCR value, the Accuracy value will be '0'.
Deviation	Indicates the frequency deviation.
Delay	Indicates the delay in delivery.
OJ max	Indicates the maximal Overall Jitter, which are variation in delays.
OJ Dev	Indicates the deviation in the overall jitter.
Bitrate	The bitrate of the specific PCR PID packets.
Elementary PIDs	Below the Elementary PIDs level are all the different programs that are included in the stream.
Type	The type of program.
Aligned PES	Indicates if the stream is PES aligned (I.e. syncword start right after the mpeg-ts PES header).
Min Bitrate	The minimum bitrate of the packet which is related to the Elementary PID.
Max Bitrate	The maximum bitrate of the packet which is related to the Elementary PID
Avg Bitrate	The average bitrate of the packet which is related to the Elementary PID
Declared Bitrate	The bitrate value which that was set on the encoder. (H264 streams only)
HDR Buffer Size	The HRD buffer size that was set on the encoder. (H264 streams only)
CC errors	Indicates if continuity count errors were found in the packets that are related to the Elementary PID.
Scrambled	Indicates if the packet is encrypted. Possible values include: Not scrambled, scrambled with even key, scrambled with odd key.
PIC Timing	Indicates the time as it is appears in the last PIC Timing SEI message. (H264 streams only)
PTS	The Presentation Time Stamp (PTS) that the analyzer has captured on the Element stream. The PTS is only accessible if the TS is not scrambled
DTS	The Decode Time Stamp (DTS) that the analyzer has captures on the Element stream. The Decode Time Stamp (DTS) indicates the time at which an access unit should be instantaneously removed from the ZEC (as a receiver) buffer and decoded. It differs from the Presentation Time Stamp (PTS) only when picture reordering is used for B pictures. If DTS is used, PTS must also be provided in the bit stream. PTS (or DTS) is entered in the bitstream at intervals not exceeding 700 mS. ATSC further constrains PTS (or DTS) to be inserted at the beginning of each access unit.
Total Bytes	The total amount of bytes that has passed through the current elementary stream. This includes the Transport Stream Headers.
Packets	The total amount of packets that have passed through the current elementary stream.
Width	The frame resolution width setting.
Height	The frame resolution height setting.
FPS	The Frames Per Second setting.
Interlaced	Indicates whether the video is interlaced or not.
Chroma	Indicates the Chroma Subsampling.
CEA-608/708 captions	A counter that shows how many SEI messages with type 4 (user_data_registered_itu_t_t35) were detected so far. (H264 and HEVC streams only)
Sample rate	Sampling rate of audio, as reported in the stream.
Reported Channels	The number of audio channels reported in the stream.
Content	Indicates the status of the content. This indicator is enabled when content analysis is turned on. Possible values: Live – indicates that there is a difference between two consecutive frames within a period of 30 seconds. Frozen video – indicates that there is a single frame that is displayed (frozen). Blank picture – the entire frame is in one color (e.g. black, white, etc.).
ePSNR	Estimated PSNR - an estimation of the video quality. values in dB
PSNR	Actual PSNR as calculate by the encoder. available on software transcoded H264 streams only (when user turned it on under the settings tab). values in dB.
Chroma bit depth	Video bit depth
Luma bit depth	Video bit depth
Channel 1	The audio level of channel #1.
Channel 2	The audio level of channel #2.
Frames	Indicates the number of frames. This indicator is enabled when content analysis is turned on.
Frame Duration max/min/avg (ms)	Indicates the maximum, minimum, and average frame duration in milliseconds.
GOP Duration max/min/avg (ms)	Indicates the maximum, minimum, and average GOP duration in milliseconds.
GOP structure	Indicates the GOP structure, by showing the first 10 frame types in the last GOP. For the example, IPBBBPBBBP.

P1/P2 Errors

The P1/P2 errors panel displays data about Priority 1 and Priority 2 errors that were found in the stream during the analysis. The table displays the following information for each error:

Indicator – the indicator for which the error was generated.
#Errors – the total number of errors that were generated.
Last error – the time in which the last error was generated.
Error message – the message that was generated with the error.

The statistics regarding the following Priority 1 and Priority 2 errors are displayed:

Parameter	Description
*Priority 1*
TS_sync_loss	Indicates a loss of synchronization with the TS. When 5 sync bytes have been acquired, the decoder is considered synched, but a loss of just 2 sync bytes indicates a loss of sync.
Sync_byte_error	If the sync byte is not equal to 47 hexidecimals, then a sync byte error occurs. The system then looks for the reoccurrence of the sync byte (which must be 47 hexadecimals) every 188 bytes.
PAT_error	The program association table (PAT) is the only packet with packet ID (PID) Hex 0000, and it must occur at least every 0.5s to keep this error from occurring. Every program within the TS is listed in the PAT; if it is missing, then no programs can be decoded.
Continuity_count_error	This error occurs when any of the following faults happen — incorrect packet order, a packet occurs more than twice or a packet is lost.
PMT_error	This error can occur if the program map table (PMT) does not come up at least every 0.5s on the PID that is referred to in the PAT.
PID_error	When TSes are remultiplexed, this can occur if any PID doesn’t refer to an actual data stream.
*Priority 2*
Transport_error	This flag is set in the TS header by the demodulator if it can't correct errors in the stream.
CRC_error	This indicates that a CRC error (data corruption) occurred in any of the following tables — CAT, PAT, PMT, NIT, EIT, BAT, SDT or TOT.
PCR_error	This flag is raised if the primary clock reference (PCR) is not seen for more than 100ms. The time interval between two consecutive PCR values should be no more than 40ms. This type of error can cause the decoder to lose lock on the 27MHz clock.
PCR_accuracy_error	This error can occur when the PCR accuracy of the selected program is outside the range of ±500ns.
PTS_error	This occurs when the presentation time stamp (PTS) repetition is more than 700ms. The PTS is contained in the MPEG-2 program stream and is used to aid the decoder in presenting the program on time, at the correct speed and synchronized. The PTS is compared to the PCR.
CAT_error	This is used for conditional access programs (paid programming).

Content Analysis

The Content Analysis errors panel displays that were found in the stream as part of Zixi's content analysis. To see this table, you must enable the content analysis, by following the instructions in the ZEC Enabling Content Analysis section. The table displays the following information for each error:

Indicator – the indicator for which the error was generated.
#Errors – the total number of errors that were generated.
Last error – the time in which the last error was generated.
Error message – the message that was generated with the error.

Parameter	Description
Frozen_video	Occurrence of frozen video, i.e. no motion, for a duration of approximately 60s or longer.
Blank_picture	Occurrence of blank frames of any color for a duration of approximately 60s or longer.
Silent_audio	Occurrence of silence (dBFS < -90) on AAC or MPEG audio with a duration of about 30s or longer.
Low_video_quality	The estimated video quality, which is based on the Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is below the 20dB threshold and therefore considered as poor.
Audio_clipping	Occurrence of clipped audio upon occurrence on AAC or MPEG audio.

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